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Precious Metals Directory – Reference, Links, Resources
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Precious Metals
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Precious Metals Directory – Reference, Links, Resources
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Content derived from Wikipedia article on Precious Metals
Precious metal From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
A gold nuggetA precious metal is a rare metallic chemical element of high economic value.
Chemically, the precious metals are less reactive than most elements, have high luster, and have higher melting points than other metals. Historically, precious metals were important as currency, but are now regarded mainly as investment and industrial commodities. Gold, silver, platinum and palladium each have an ISO 4217 currency code.
The best-known precious metals are gold and silver. While both have industrial uses, they are better known for their uses in art, jewelry, and coinage. Other precious metals include the Platinum group metals: ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, and platinum, of which platinum is the most widely traded.
The demand for precious metals is driven not only by their practical use, but also by their role as investments and a store of value. Palladium is, as of September 8 2006, valued ($326.00 USD per ounce) slightly over half the price of gold ($608.70 USD/ounce), and platinum ($1,222.00 USD/ounce) at around twice that of gold. Silver is substantially less expensive ($12.11 USD/ounce) than these metals, presently at 1/50 the price of gold, but is often traditionally considered a precious metal for its role in coinage and jewellery. Rhodium though is the most expensive of the precious metals with prices as high as $6257.00 USD/per ounce.
Contents
1 Bullion 2 Precious metal status 3 See also 4 External links
Bullion
A 500 gram silver bullion bar produced by Johnson Matthey American Platinum Eagle bullion coin.Precious metals in bulk form are known as bullion, and are traded on commodity markets. Bullion metals may be cast into ingots, or minted into coins. The defining attribute of bullion is that it is valued by its mass and purity rather than by a face value as money. Many nations mint bullion coins, of which the most famous is probably the gold South African Krugerrand. Although nominally issued as legal tender, these coins' face value as currency is far below that of their value as bullion. For instance, the United States mints a gold bullion coin (the Gold Eagle) at a face value of $50 containing 1 troy ounce (31.1035 g) of gold — as of January 2006, this coin is worth about $550 as bullion. Bullion coins' minting by national governments gives them some numismatic value in addition to their bullion value, as well as certifying their purity. The level of purity varies from country to country, with some bullion coins of as pure as 99.99% available, such as the Canadian Gold Maple Leaf. Note that a 100% pure bullion is not possible, as absolute purity in extracted and refined metals can only be asymptotically approached.
One of the largest bullion coins in the world is the 10,000 dollar Australian Gold Nugget coin minted in Australia which consists of a full kilogram of 99.9% pure gold; however China has produced coins in very limited quantities (less than 20 pieces minted) that exceed 260 troy ounces (8 kg) of gold.
Gold as an investment and silver as an investment are often seen as a hedge against both inflation and economic downturn. Silver coins have become popular with collectors due to their relative affordability, and unlike most gold and platinum issues which are valued based upon the markets, silver issues are more often valued as collectables, far higher than their actual bullion value.
Precious metal status
Gold bars from the Bank of SwedenA metal is deemed to be precious if it is rare. The discovery of new sources of ore or improvements in mining or refining processes may cause the value of a precious metal to diminish. The status of a "precious" metal can also be determined by high demand or market value.
An interesting case of a once-precious metal that is now common is that of aluminium. Although aluminium is one of the most commonly occurring elements on Earth, it was initially found to be exceedingly difficult to extract from its various ores. This made aluminium more valuable than gold. Bars of aluminium were exhibited alongside the French crown jewels at the Exposition Universelle of 1855, and Napoleon III was said to have reserved a set of aluminium dinner plates for his most honored guests. Additionally, the pyramidal top to the Washington Monument is made of pure aluminium, as at the time of the monument's construction, aluminium was more expensive than silver, gold, or platinum. Over time, however, the price of the metal gradually dropped; the discovery of the Hall-Héroult process in 1886 caused the high price of aluminium to permanently collapse.
See also Bullion coin Gold as an investment Silver as an investment Ingot Gemstone Hallmark
External links Current Metal Prices International Precious Metals Institute Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Precious_metal
End of Wikipedia content
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Precious Metals
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Gems & Jewelry Industry Reference
Metals Reference World Gold Council, Silver Magazine, Modern Silver Magazine, Society of American Silversmiths
Gold - Gold Field, South Africa, Gold Eagle, Gold Institute, Gold Seek, Gold Colony, Gold Inspirations – Gold Jewelry, Gold Stock Centre, Gold Prospectors Association of America, Gold Miners HQ, Gold Prospecting, The Gold Ledge – Mining & History Pages, Gold Prospecting & Mining
Gold Companies - Barrick Gold Corporation, Apollo Gold Corporation, North America
Platinum - Anglo Platinum, Platinum Guild International, The Platinum Collection, Platinum Metals Review
Silver - The Silver Institute, Silver Investor, Silver Seek, Society of American Silversmiths, Silver Users Association
Minerals & Mining - BMP Minerals – Bureau of Minerals & Petroleum, Government of Greenland, AngloGold Ashanti – Gold Mining & Marketing, The Mining Association of Canada, Anglo American Plc, BHP Billiton, Dragon Mining, Australia, Placer Dome, Dominion Mining, Australia, Australian Mining Bulletin & Geoscience Database, Dampier Salt Limited, Australian Mining & Petroleum Info Page, Northern Miner – Mining Information, American Metal Market - World’s Metal Information Network, Metal Bulletin, Mining Journal, Mining Record, Mining Life, Mine Site, Gold & Technology Stocks, Gold Sheet Mining Directory, Prospectors & Developers Association of Canada, Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy & Petroleum, Ontario Prospectors Association, The Northern Prospectors Association, Canada, Ontario Mining Association, Mineralogical Association of Canada, Mining Association of British Columbia, Society of Economic Geologists, Canadian Diamond Drilling Association, Geological Survey of Canada, Mining & Aggregates Safety & Health Association, Canada, NWT Chamber of Mines, Canada, Calgary Mineral Exploration Group, WMC, International Council on Mining & Metals, Mineral Information Institute, Women in Mining, TMS – for Professionals in Minerals, Metals & Materials Industries, International Precious Metals Institute, CPM Group – Precious Metals & Commodities, Research & Consulting, International Tungsten Industry Association, London Metal Exchange, The Bullion Desk, The London Bullion Market, Mining Technology, Xstrata, Scanmining, Sweden, International Gem Society, Mineralogy Database, Euro Minerals & Gems, American Federation of Mineralogical Societies, Mine Market – for mining site explorers, Intierra – mining & minerals resource intelligence
Australia Mining & Minerals - Minerals Council of Australia, Australasian Institute of Mining & Metallurgy, New South Wales (NSW) Minerals Council, AMIRA – Collaborative Minerals Research, The Chamber of Minerals & Energy, Geological Society of Australia, NSW Department of Mineral Resources, Australian Gold Council, CSIRO Exploration & Mining Homepage, Newcrest Mining, Australia
Copper Development Association, International Platinum Association, Nickel Development Institute, New York Mercantile Exchange, International Copper Study Group, The London Platinum & Palladium Market, International Lead & Zinc Study Group, London Gold Market Fixing, The Palladium Metal Home, Lead Development Association International
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Europe
Luxembourg - Luxembourg City, Belgium – Brussels (Brussel), Antwerp (Antwerpen), Ghent (Gent, Gand), Charleroi, Liège (Liege), Austria - Vienna (Wien), Graz, Linz, Salzburg, Innsbruck, Netherlands - Amsterdam, Rotterdam, Utrecht, Eindhoven, Tilburg, ‘s-Gravenhage (sGravenhage), Groningen, France - Paris, Marseille, Lyon, Toulouse, Nice, Nantes, Strasbourg, Montpellier, Bordeaux, Germany - Berlin, Hamburg, Munich (München), Cologne (Köln), Frankfurt (Frankfurt am Main), Essen, Dortmund, Stuttgart, Düsseldorf, Bremen, Duisburg, Hannover, Nürnberg (Nuremberg), Dresden, Leipzig
Norway - Oslo, Bergen, Stavanger, Trondheim, Denmark – Copenhagen (Københavns), Aarhus (Århus), Odense, Aalborg (Ålborg), Sweden - Stockholm, Goteborg (Göteborg), Malmo (Malmö), Uppsala, Vasteras (Västerås), Finland – Helsinki (Helsingin), Espoo, Tampere (Tampereen), Vantaa, Turku, Oulu, Spain - Madrid, Barcelona, Valencia, Sevilla, Zaragoza, Malaga, Murcia, Las Palmas, Bilbao, Switzerland – Zürich (Zurich), Geneva (Geneve, Genève), Basel, Bern (Berne), Lausanne, UK - London, Birmingham, Glasgow, Liverpool, Sheffield, Leeds, Bristol, Manchester, Edinburgh, Leicester, Italy - Rome (Roma), Milan (Milano), Napoli (Naples), Torino (Turin), Palermo, Bologna, Firenze (Florence), Genova (Genoa)
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Japan Cities Japanese Cities – Tokyo, Yokohama, Osaka, Nagoya, Sapporo, Kyoto, Kobe, Fukuoka, Kawasaki, Hiroshima, Kitakyushu, Sendai, Chiba, Sakai, Kumamoto, Okayama, Sagamihara, Funabashi, Hamamatsu, Kagoshima, Higashiosaka, Hachioji, Amagasaki, Matsudo, Niigata, Urawa, Kawaguchi, Shizuoka, Himeji, Ichikawa, Omiya, Kanazawa
United States of America
Alabama, (AL) - Birmingham, Huntsville, Mobile, Montgomery, Tuscaloosa, Hoover, Dothan, Decatur, Auburn, Gadsden Alaska, (AK) - Anchorage, Juneau, Fairbanks, Sitka, Ketchikan, Kenai, Kodiak, Bethel, Wasilla, Barrow Arkansas, (AR) - Little Rock, Fort Smith, North Little Rock, Fayetteville, Jonesboro, Pine Bluff, Springdale, Conway, Rogers, Hot Springs Arizona, (AZ) - Phoenix, Tucson, Mesa, Glendale, Scottsdale, Chandler, Tempe, Gilbert, Peoria, Yuma, Flagstaff
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Delaware, (DE) – Wilmington, Dover, Newark, Milford, Seaford, Middletown, Elsmere, Smyrna, New Castle, Georgetown Florida, (FL) - Daytona Beach, Fort Lauderdale, Fort Myers, Fort Pierce, Jacksonville, Lakeland, Melbourne, Miami, Orlando, Pensacola, Sarasota, Tampa, West Palm Beach, Saint Petersburg, Hialeah, Tallahassee, Hollywood, Pembroke Pines Georgia, (GA) - Atlanta, Augusta, Columbus, Savannah, Athens, Macon, Roswell, Albany, Marietta, Warner Robins Hawaii, (HI) – Honolulu, Hilo, Kailua, Kaneohe, Waipahu, Pearl City, Waimalu, Mililani, Kahului, Kihei Iowa, (IA) - Davenport, Des Moines, Cedar Rapids, Sioux City, Waterloo, Iowa City, Council Bluffs, Dubuque, Ames, Cedar Falls Idaho, (ID) – Boise, Nampa, Pocatello, Idaho Falls, Meridian, Coeur d'Alene, Twin Falls, Lewiston, Caldwell, Moscow
Illinois, (IL) - Chicago, Peoria, Rockford, Aurora, Naperville, Springfield, Joliet, Elgin, Waukegan, Cicero Indiana, (IN) - Fort Wayne, Gary, Indianapolis, Evansville, South Bend, Gary, Hammond, Bloomington, Muncie, Anderson, Terre Haute Kansas, (KS) – Wichita, Overland Park, Kansas City, Topeka, Olathe, Lawrence, Shawnee, Salina, Manhattan, Hutchinson Kentucky, (KY) - Louisville, Lexington - Fayette, Owensboro, Bowling Green, Covington, Hopkinsville, Frankfort, Henderson, Richmond, Jeffersontown Louisiana, (LA) - Baton Rouge, Lafayette, New Orleans, Shreveport, Lake Charles, Kenner, Bossier City, Monroe, Alexandria, New Iberia
Maine, - Portland, Lewiston, Bangor, South Portland, Auburn, Brunswick, Biddeford, Sanford, Augusta, Scarborough, Massachusetts, (MA) - Boston, Springfield, Worcester, Lowell, Cambridge, Brockton, New Bedford, Fall River, Lynn, Quincy Maryland, (MD) – Baltimore, Frederick, Gaithersburg, Bowie, Rockville, Hagerstown, Annapolis, College Park, Salisbury, Cumberland Michigan, (MI) - Ann Arbor, Detroit, Flint, Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo, Lansing, Saginaw, Warren, Flint, Sterling Heights, Lansing, Livonia, Dearborn, Westland
Minnesota, (MN) - Minneapolis – St. Paul, Duluth, Rochester, Bloomington, Brooklyn Park, Plymouth, Eagan, Coon Rapids, Burnsville Missouri, (MO) - Kansas City, St. Louis, Springfield, Independence, Columbia, Saint Joseph, Lee's Summit, Saint Charles, Saint Peters, Florissant Mississippi, (MS) - Biloxi, Jackson, Gulfport, Hattiesburg, Greenville, Meridian, Tupelo, Southaven, Vicksburg, Pascagoula Montana, - Billings, Missoula, Great Falls, Butte, Bozeman, Helena, Kalispell, Havre, Anaconda, Miles City North Carolina, (NC) - Charlotte, Greensboro, Hickory, Raleigh-Durham, Winston-Salem, Fayetteville, Cary, High Point, Wilmington, Asheville North Dakota, - Fargo, Bismarck, Grand Forks, Minot, Mandan, Dickinson, Jamestown, West Fargo, Williston, Wahpeton Nebraska, (NE) – Omaha, Lincoln, Bellevue, Grand Island, Kearney, Fremont, Hastings, North Platte, Norfolk, Columbus New Hampshire - Manchester, Nashua, Concord, Derry, Rochester, Salem, Dover, Merrimack, Londonderry, Hudson
New Jersey, (NJ) - Atlantic City, Bergen-Passaic, Jersey City, Mercer, Middlesex, Monmouth, Newark, Paterson, Elizabeth, Edison Township, Woodbridge Township, Dover Township, Hamilton, Trenton, Camden New Mexico, (NM) – Albuquerque, Las Cruces, Santa Fe, Rio Rancho, Roswell, Farmington, Alamogordo, Clovis, Hobbs, Carlsbad Nevada, (NV) - Las Vegas, Reno, Henderson, North Las Vegas, Sparks, Carson City, Elko, Boulder City, Mesquite, Fallon New York, (NY) - Albany, Buffalo, Nassau-Suffolk, New York, Orange County, Rochester, Syracuse, Yonkers, Mount Vernon, Schenectady, Utica
Ohio, (OH) - Akron, Canton, Cincinnati, Cleveland, Columbus, Dayton, Hamilton, Toledo, Cleveland, Toledo, Parma, Youngstown, Lorain Oklahoma, (OK) - Oklahoma City, Tulsa, Norman, Lawton, Broken Arrow, Edmond, Midwest City, Enid, Moore, Stillwater Oregon, (OR) - Portland, Salem, Eugene, Gresham, Hillsboro, Beaverton, Medford, Springfield, Bend, Corvallis
Pennsylvania, (PA) - Allentown, Harrisburg, Lancaster, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Reading, Scranton, York, Erie, Upper Darby Twp, Bethlehem, Lower Merion Twp Rhode Island, (RI) – Providence, Warwick, Cranston, Pawtucket, East Providence, Woonsocket, Coventry, North Providence, Cumberland, West Warwick South Carolina, (SC) - Charleston, Columbia, Greenville, North Charleston, Rock Hill, Mount Pleasant, Spartanburg, Sumter, Hilton Head Island, Florence South Dakota, - Sioux Falls, Rapid City, Aberdeen, Watertown, Brookings, Mitchell, Pierre, Yankton, Huron, Vermillion Tennessee, (TN) - Chattanooga, Knoxville, Memphis, Nashville, Clarksville, Murfreesboro, Jackson, Johnson City, Kingsport, Franklin Texas, (TX) - Austin, Beaumont, Brownsville, Corpus Christi, Dallas, El Paso, Fort Worth, Houston, McAllen, San Antonio, Arlington, Plano, Garland
Utah, (UT) - Provo, Salt Lake City, West Valley City, Sandy, Orem, Ogden, West Jordan, Layton, Taylorsville, St. George Vermont, - Burlington, Essex, Rutland, Colchester, South Burlington, Bennington, Brattleboro, Hartford, Milton, Barre Virginia, (VA) - Norfolk, Richmond, Virginia Beach, Chesapeake, Newport News, Arlington, Hampton, Alexandria, Portsmouth, Roanoke West Virginia, - Charleston, Huntington, Parkersburg, Wheeling, Morgantown, Weirton, Fairmont, Beckley, Clarksburg, Martinsburg Washington, (WA) - Seattle, Spokane, Tacoma, Vancouver, Bellevue, Everett, Federal Way, Kent, Yakima, Bellingham Wisconsin, (WI) - Appleton, Madison, Milwaukee, Green Bay, Kenosha, Racine, Waukesha, Oshkosh, Eau Claire, West Allis
Wyoming, - Cheyenne, Casper, Laramie, Gillette, Rock Springs, Sheridan, Green River, Evanston, Riverton, Cody District of Columbia, (DC) - Washington, DC,
Canada Provinces Alberta > Cities: Calgary, Edmonton British Columbia > Cities: Victoria, Vancouver Prince Edward Island Manitoba > Cities: Winnipeg New Brunswick Nova Scotia > Cities: Halifax
Nunavut > Cities: Iqaluit Ontario > Cities: Toronto, Ottawa, Hamilton, London, Kitchener, St. Catharines-Niagara, Windsor Quebec > Cities: Quebec City, Montreal Saskatchewan > Cities: Saskatoon, Regina Territories Newfoundland and Labrador Northwest Territories Yukon Territory
South Korea – Seoul, Pusa, Taegu, Incheon, Taejeon, Kwangju, Seongnam, Ulsan, Pucheon, Suweon, Anyang, Cheonju, Cheongju, Koyang, Ansan, Changweon, Pohang, Masan, Kwangmyeong, Euijeongbu, Chinju, Cheju, Kumi, Mokpo, Iksan, Cheonan, Kunsan, Pyeongtaek, Chuncheon, Weonju, Yeosu, Suncheon, Kangneung, Kyeongju, Chungju, Andong, Poryong, Chechon, Tongyong, Tonghae
Australia – Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Perth, Adelaide, Newcastle, Gold Coast, Canberra, Wollongong, Sunshine Coast, Hobart, Geelong, Townsville, Cairns, Launceston
China – Shanghai, Beijing, Tianjin, Wuhan, Shenyang, Guangzhou, Harbin, Xian, Chongqing, Kowloon, Chengdu, Changchun, Taiyuan, Nanjing, Jinan, Dalian, Qingdao, Lanzhou, Fushun, Zhengzhou, Changsha, Datong, Anshan, Hangzhou, Shijiazhuang, Guiyang, Hong Kong, Jilin, Urumqi, Shenzhen, Nanchang, Fuzhou, Nanning, Xuzhou, Kunming, Tangshan, Luoyang
Indian Cities - Mumbai(Bombay), New Delhi, Kolkata (Kolkatta, Calcutta), Bangalore, Chennai (Madras), Ahmedabad (Ahmadabad), Hyderabad, Pune, Kanpur, Surat, Jaipur, Lucknow, Nagpur, Indore, Bhopal, Ludhiana, Patna, Baroda (Vadodara), Agra, Kalyan-Dombivli, Varanasi, Nasik (Nashik), Meerut (Mirat), Faridabad, Haora (Howrah), Pimpri (Pimprichinchwad), Allahabad, Amritsar, Vishakapatnam (Visakhapatnam, Visakapatnam, Vizag), Rajkot, Jabalpur (Jabalpore), Coimbatore, Madurai, Srinagar, Sholapur (Sholapore), Ranchi, Jodhpur, Gwalior, Vijayawada, Chandigarh, Guwahati (Gauhati, Gawhati), Hubli, Trichy, Trivandrum, Mysore, Navi Mumbai, Jalandar (Jalandhar), Bareilly (Bareli), Kota, Salem, Aligarh, Bhubaneshwar (Bhubaneswar), Moradabad, Gorakhpur
Middle East
Bahrain – Manama (Manamah)
Egypt - Cairo, Alexandria, Giza, Subrah al-Hayma, Port Said, Suez, El Mahalla el Kubra, Tanta, Mansura, Luxor, Asyut, Zagazig, Faiyum, Ismailia, Aswan, Damanhur, El Minya, Beni Suef, Qina, Suhaj, Shibin el Kom, Banha, Kafr el Sheikh, Mallawi, Bilbays, Mit Gamr, El Arish, Jirja, Edfu, Disuq, Bilqas, Idku
Israel - Jerusalem, Tel Aviv - Yafo, Be'er Sheva, Ashqelon, Haifa
Kuwait - as-Salimiyah (Salmiya), Jalib as-Suyuh, Kuwait City
Lebanon – Beirut, Tripoli, Sayda, Sur
Saudi Arabia – Riyadh, Jiddah, Mecca, Medinah (Medina), ad-Dammam, at-Taif, Tabuk, Buraydah, al-Hufuf, Khamis Mushayt, Hail, Kharj, Jubail, Hafar-al-Batin, Yanbu, Abha, Araar, al-Hawiyah, Unayzah, Najran
Turkey – Istanbul, Ankara, Izmir, Bursa, Adana, Gaziantep, Konya, Antalya, Diyarbakir, Mersin, Kayseri, Eskisehir, Urfa, Malatya, Samsun, Kahramanmaras, Erzurum, Elazig, Denizli, Sivas, Van, Batman, Adiyaman, Kirrikkale, Manisa, Izmit, Tarsus, Balikesir
United Arab Emirates – Dubai, Abu Dhabi, Sharjah, Al Ain, Ajman, Ras al Khaymah, Jebel Ali
Jordan – Amman, Irbid
Syria - Aleppo (Halab), Damascus, Homs, Ladhiqiyah, Hamah, Dayr az-Zawr, Rakkah, Hasakah, Qamishly, Tartus
Libya – Tripoli, Benghazi, Homs, Misratah, Zawiyah, Barqa, Zlitan, Garyan, Tobruk, Yafran, al-Bayda, Tarhuna, Darnah
Yemen - Sana’a, Eden, Taizz, Hudaydah, Mukalla, Ibb, Dhamar
Qatar - Doha
Palestine – Gaza, Jerusalem (PAL), Hebron, Jabaliyah, Nablus, Rafah
Oman - Masqat-Matrah, Salalah, Suhar, Ibri, Suwayq
Regions: ?? Scandinavia/Scandinavian, Nordiska/Nordic, Mediterranean, Japanese, Australian, Asian, American, European, African, Middle East, Latin America/Latin American, South East Asian, Asia Pacific, Austrian, Brazilian, Canadian, Chinese, Dane, Danish, Egyptian, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Indian, Irish, Israeli, Italian, South Korean, Malaysian, Mexican, Dutch, Norwegian, Philippine, Polish, Portuguese, Russian, Saudi Arabian, Singaporean, South African, Swiss, Taiwanese, British/English, Thai, Turkish, Argentinian, Belgian, Hungarian
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List 3 - about, advisor, article, availability, benchmark, benchmarks, best, black, blue, book, brand, brochure, brochures, budgets, cheap, cheapest, customised, customized, data, dealer, dealers, delivery, dictionaries, difference, distributor, distributors, estimate, estimates, firm, firms, good, great, green, help, how, how much, institute, institutes, jobs, know, latest, low-cost, margin, margins, production, trade, trading, type
List 4 - b2c, b2e, cut, cutting, display, displays, Nordic, store, stores
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