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Brooches & Clips Directory – Links, Reference
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Content derived from Wikipedia article on Brooch
Brooch From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
A brooch (also known as broach or in ancient times, a fibula) is a decorative jewelry item designed to be attached to garments. It is usually made of metal, often silver or gold but sometimes bronze or some other material. Brooches are frequently decorated with enamel or with gemstones and may be solely for ornament (as in the stomacher) or sometimes serve a practical function as a fastening, perhaps for a cloak.
The earliest known brooches are from the Bronze Age. As fashions in brooches changed rather fast, they are important chronological indicators.
The fibula or fibulae (plural) is an ornamental clasp used by Romans, Greeks and also by Celts and migratory tribes in Europe from the Early Bronze Age. They may have replaced fibulae made of more perishable Neolithic materials, such as bone to as late as 800 AD. Fibulae are useful type-objects: carefully catalogued local typologies, dating and distribution of fibulae can help date finds where neither numismatic nor ceramic materials provide a secure date. Fibulae were shaped somewhat like a large safety pin and were used to hold clothing together. They came in many varieties and held prominent significance for the identity of the wearer, indicating ethnicity (until local costume became Romanized) and class. Elaborately designed fibulae were an important part of Late Antique dress, and simpler ones were part of Roman military equipment.
The same types of fibulae can often be found on either side of the Roman limites, both among "Roman" and "barbarian" populations. The cultural interplay of elite objects designed to show status can be quite complex. For example, Lawrence Nees, Early Medieval Art [1] notes fibulae depicted in ivory diptychs of Stilicho and his entourage:
"The type of fibula worn by Stilicho and his son, and by Turcius Secundus, occurs also among metal works of art commonly termed barbarian, as new Germanic figures usurped the symbols of imperial authority. It is likely that this type originated among Celtic groups and came to be adopted as an exotic fashion by Roman aristocrats, becoming 'naturalized' as an important Roman emblem, and then exported".
They were usually made of bronze and sometimes of precious metals and infrequently had encrusted gem stones. Eagle fibula, often worn in pairs, commemorate the worship of the Sun, common among the pagan tribes.
Unfortunately, ancient fibulae are prized items for collectors since they are well preserved in many cases and are not difficult to obtain; divorced from their cultural context, they still present a fascinating array of shapes and decor.
Notes Wikisource has an original article from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica about: Brooch
^ Oxford University Press, 2002, p. 75
References Hellenic Ministry of Culture: Katie Demakopoulou, "Bronze Age Jwellry in Greece" This fashion-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brooch" Categories: Jewellery | Fashion stubs | Fashion
End of Wikipedia content, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brooch
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Web Resources for Brooches & Clips
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Gems & Jewelry Industry Reference
Jewelry Reference
National Jeweller, Couture Jeweller, Polygon – jewelry industry’s Internet marketplace, CIBJO – the world jewelry confederation, Antwerp Diamond Jewellers Association, National Pawnbrokers Association, International Watch & Jewelry Guild, Sothebys, The International Society of Appraisers, Jewelry Central, Jewelers of America, Lapidary Journal, Jewelry Stores Directory, Bead & Button, Bead Style Magazine, Crafts Report Magazine, International Society of Glass Beadmakers, Art Jewelry Magazine, Glass on Metal – the enamelist’s magazine, Ver. Ned. Emailleurs – Society of Dutch Enamellers, Enamelist Society, Jewelry Hong Kong, Jewellers Vigilance Committee, Hong Kong Jewelry & Jade Manufacturers Association, Jewelers of America, Jewellers Board of Trade, Jewellers Resource Bureau – info on jewelry design, Jewellers Security Alliance, Independent Jewellers Organisation, Jewelry Information Centre, The Jewelry Source, Jewelry Central, The Art & Antique Dealers League of America, Jewelry Discuss, California Institute of Jewelry Training, American Jewelry Institute, Jewellery School Metallo Nobile, American Jewellers Institute, Centre for Jewelry Studies, MetalWerx – Jewelry Making, Community, School & Workshops, Jewellery Designer Manager, Alchimia – Jewelry School in Florence, Italy, Atelier Firenze – school of fashion, jewelry & interior design, The Authority on Jewelry Magazine, Canadian Jewellers Association, Modern Jeweler, Gem & Jewelry Export Promotion Council of India, Antique Jewelry Online, Designers Jewelry Online, Jewelry Television, Jewelry Distributors Association, UK, Antique Jewelry Online, Art Jewelry Mag
Good commercial sites - Jewelry.com, Online Jewelry Stores Directory
US-based jewelry companies and retailers - Friedman's, Lazare Kaplan International, Aurafin-OroAmerica, Tiffany & Co., Michael Anthony Jewelers, Whitehall and Zale Corporation
Jewelry Designers & Companies - Agatha Costume Jewelry, Gilbert Albert, Kate Allen, C.R. Ashbee, Asprey & Co., Solange Azagury-Partridge, Mogens Ballin, Slim Barrett, Suzanne Belperron, BillyBoy, Boucher & Cie, Boucheron, Bulgari, Butler & Wilson, Hattie-Carnegie, Chanel, Cherry Chau, Chaumet, Coro, Angela Cummings, Nelson Dawson & Edith Dawson, Jean Després, De Vroomen Design, Jean Dinh Van, Alfred Dunhill, Erickson Beamon, Fabergé, Theodor Fahrner, Gerda Flöckinger, Georges Fouquet, Jean Fouquet, Lucien Gaillard, Garrard & Co. Ltd., Arthur J. Gaskin, Georgina Cave Gaskin, Green & Frederick, Andrew Grima, Angela Hale, Miriam Haskell, Adolf Hildenbrand, Hobé Cie Ltd., Georg Jensen, Jewels by Bogoff, Johnny Loves Rosie, Barry Kieselstein-Cord, Arthur King, Archibald Knox, Kutchinsky, Christian Lacroix, Ilias Lalaounis, René Lalique, Kenneth Jay Lane, Liberty & Co., Maison Gripoix, Maison Vever, Mappin & Webb, Marina B, Marvella, Mauboussin, Annie McLeish, Patricia Meyerowitz, M. Frey Wille, Moira of Bond Street, Monet, David Morris, Robert Lee Morris, Murrle, Bennett & Co., The Napier Co., Elsa Peretti, Trifari, Paloma Picasso, Piel Fréres, Otto Prutscher, Wendy Ramshaw, Elsa Schiaparelli, Jean Schlumberger, Swarovski, Raymond Templier, Tiffany & Co., Alexander Tillander, Van Cleef & Arpels, Line Vautrin, Fulco di Verdura, Wartski, Harry Winston, Philippe Wolfers
American Society of Appraisers, American Gem Trade Association
Jewelry Retailers & Jewelry Brands - Tiffany, Neiman Marcus, Cartier, Saks Fifth Avenue
Jewellers - Bvlgari – contemporary Italian jewellers, Rolex, Chopard – luxury watch & jewelry manufacturer, Boucheron – luxury jewelry, Dior
Styles – Guide to Jewelry, Fine Jewelry Guide – Anyamani, Aerospace Jewelry, The Finishing Industry – Anodizing, Plating, Powder Coating Designers - Gem.net – gemstone & jewelry magazine, In Store Magazine – for American Jewelry Store Owner, The Australian Gemmologist, Bead Bugle – All About Beads, Lapidary Journal, The Bead Museum, Wire Sculpture Gold Wire – Beads & Jewelry Making Supplies – Wig Jig Jewelry Magazine, Mourning Jewelry Museum, Art Jewelry Museum, Sex Bracelets – The Complete Guide, Viking Jewelry Museum, Southern (US) Jewelry News International Jewelry Moscow, Jewellers Vigilance Canada, Jewellery Information Centre, Independent Jewellers Organization, Jewelry Discuss, Jewellery Net Asia, Authority on Jewelry Manufacturing (AJM) Magazine, Rio Grande Jewelry Making Supplies, Jewelry 5 Ancient Jewelry - Ancient Touch, Costumes.org – The Costumer’s Manifesto, Ancient Coin Art, Israel Art Guide, The Japanese Connection – Arts & Crafts of Japan, Korean Arts, American Indian Jewelry, Art Jewelry Mag
Guides for the Jewelry, Precious Metals & Pewter Industries from FTC.gov, GeoNord, DMOZ Directory - Jewelry, The Jewelry Judge – Independent Diamond & Jewelry Appraisals, Art Guide Source – for Fine Art Jewellers & Metalsmiths, Gemstone Inclusions, Manufacturing Jewellers & Suppliers of America, Collectics – antiques & collectibles mall, All About Jewels, Jewelry Dealers Network, Israel Jewelry Manufacturers Association, Jewellers of America, Antique & Collectible Exchange
Top ten Jewelry retailers in US - Wal-Mart, Zale Corporation, J.C.Penney, Sterling Jewelers, QVC, Finlay’s Fine Jewelry, K-mart, Sears, Tiffany, Service Merchandise
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Europe
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Japan Cities Japanese Cities – Tokyo, Yokohama, Osaka, Nagoya, Sapporo, Kyoto, Kobe, Fukuoka, Kawasaki, Hiroshima, Kitakyushu, Sendai, Chiba, Sakai, Kumamoto, Okayama, Sagamihara, Funabashi, Hamamatsu, Kagoshima, Higashiosaka, Hachioji, Amagasaki, Matsudo, Niigata, Urawa, Kawaguchi, Shizuoka, Himeji, Ichikawa, Omiya, Kanazawa
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Pennsylvania, (PA) - Allentown, Harrisburg, Lancaster, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Reading, Scranton, York, Erie, Upper Darby Twp, Bethlehem, Lower Merion Twp Rhode Island, (RI) – Providence, Warwick, Cranston, Pawtucket, East Providence, Woonsocket, Coventry, North Providence, Cumberland, West Warwick South Carolina, (SC) - Charleston, Columbia, Greenville, North Charleston, Rock Hill, Mount Pleasant, Spartanburg, Sumter, Hilton Head Island, Florence South Dakota, - Sioux Falls, Rapid City, Aberdeen, Watertown, Brookings, Mitchell, Pierre, Yankton, Huron, Vermillion Tennessee, (TN) - Chattanooga, Knoxville, Memphis, Nashville, Clarksville, Murfreesboro, Jackson, Johnson City, Kingsport, Franklin Texas, (TX) - Austin, Beaumont, Brownsville, Corpus Christi, Dallas, El Paso, Fort Worth, Houston, McAllen, San Antonio, Arlington, Plano, Garland
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Wyoming, - Cheyenne, Casper, Laramie, Gillette, Rock Springs, Sheridan, Green River, Evanston, Riverton, Cody District of Columbia, (DC) - Washington, DC,
Canada Provinces Alberta > Cities: Calgary, Edmonton British Columbia > Cities: Victoria, Vancouver Prince Edward Island Manitoba > Cities: Winnipeg New Brunswick Nova Scotia > Cities: Halifax
Nunavut > Cities: Iqaluit Ontario > Cities: Toronto, Ottawa, Hamilton, London, Kitchener, St. Catharines-Niagara, Windsor Quebec > Cities: Quebec City, Montreal Saskatchewan > Cities: Saskatoon, Regina Territories Newfoundland and Labrador Northwest Territories Yukon Territory
South Korea – Seoul, Pusa, Taegu, Incheon, Taejeon, Kwangju, Seongnam, Ulsan, Pucheon, Suweon, Anyang, Cheonju, Cheongju, Koyang, Ansan, Changweon, Pohang, Masan, Kwangmyeong, Euijeongbu, Chinju, Cheju, Kumi, Mokpo, Iksan, Cheonan, Kunsan, Pyeongtaek, Chuncheon, Weonju, Yeosu, Suncheon, Kangneung, Kyeongju, Chungju, Andong, Poryong, Chechon, Tongyong, Tonghae
Australia – Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Perth, Adelaide, Newcastle, Gold Coast, Canberra, Wollongong, Sunshine Coast, Hobart, Geelong, Townsville, Cairns, Launceston
China – Shanghai, Beijing, Tianjin, Wuhan, Shenyang, Guangzhou, Harbin, Xian, Chongqing, Kowloon, Chengdu, Changchun, Taiyuan, Nanjing, Jinan, Dalian, Qingdao, Lanzhou, Fushun, Zhengzhou, Changsha, Datong, Anshan, Hangzhou, Shijiazhuang, Guiyang, Hong Kong, Jilin, Urumqi, Shenzhen, Nanchang, Fuzhou, Nanning, Xuzhou, Kunming, Tangshan, Luoyang
Indian Cities - Mumbai(Bombay), New Delhi, Kolkata (Kolkatta, Calcutta), Bangalore, Chennai (Madras), Ahmedabad (Ahmadabad), Hyderabad, Pune, Kanpur, Surat, Jaipur, Lucknow, Nagpur, Indore, Bhopal, Ludhiana, Patna, Baroda (Vadodara), Agra, Kalyan-Dombivli, Varanasi, Nasik (Nashik), Meerut (Mirat), Faridabad, Haora (Howrah), Pimpri (Pimprichinchwad), Allahabad, Amritsar, Vishakapatnam (Visakhapatnam, Visakapatnam, Vizag), Rajkot, Jabalpur (Jabalpore), Coimbatore, Madurai, Srinagar, Sholapur (Sholapore), Ranchi, Jodhpur, Gwalior, Vijayawada, Chandigarh, Guwahati (Gauhati, Gawhati), Hubli, Trichy, Trivandrum, Mysore, Navi Mumbai, Jalandar (Jalandhar), Bareilly (Bareli), Kota, Salem, Aligarh, Bhubaneshwar (Bhubaneswar), Moradabad, Gorakhpur
Middle East
Bahrain – Manama (Manamah)
Egypt - Cairo, Alexandria, Giza, Subrah al-Hayma, Port Said, Suez, El Mahalla el Kubra, Tanta, Mansura, Luxor, Asyut, Zagazig, Faiyum, Ismailia, Aswan, Damanhur, El Minya, Beni Suef, Qina, Suhaj, Shibin el Kom, Banha, Kafr el Sheikh, Mallawi, Bilbays, Mit Gamr, El Arish, Jirja, Edfu, Disuq, Bilqas, Idku
Israel - Jerusalem, Tel Aviv - Yafo, Be'er Sheva, Ashqelon, Haifa
Kuwait - as-Salimiyah (Salmiya), Jalib as-Suyuh, Kuwait City
Lebanon – Beirut, Tripoli, Sayda, Sur
Saudi Arabia – Riyadh, Jiddah, Mecca, Medinah (Medina), ad-Dammam, at-Taif, Tabuk, Buraydah, al-Hufuf, Khamis Mushayt, Hail, Kharj, Jubail, Hafar-al-Batin, Yanbu, Abha, Araar, al-Hawiyah, Unayzah, Najran
Turkey – Istanbul, Ankara, Izmir, Bursa, Adana, Gaziantep, Konya, Antalya, Diyarbakir, Mersin, Kayseri, Eskisehir, Urfa, Malatya, Samsun, Kahramanmaras, Erzurum, Elazig, Denizli, Sivas, Van, Batman, Adiyaman, Kirrikkale, Manisa, Izmit, Tarsus, Balikesir
United Arab Emirates – Dubai, Abu Dhabi, Sharjah, Al Ain, Ajman, Ras al Khaymah, Jebel Ali
Jordan – Amman, Irbid
Syria - Aleppo (Halab), Damascus, Homs, Ladhiqiyah, Hamah, Dayr az-Zawr, Rakkah, Hasakah, Qamishly, Tartus
Libya – Tripoli, Benghazi, Homs, Misratah, Zawiyah, Barqa, Zlitan, Garyan, Tobruk, Yafran, al-Bayda, Tarhuna, Darnah
Yemen - Sana’a, Eden, Taizz, Hudaydah, Mukalla, Ibb, Dhamar
Qatar - Doha
Palestine – Gaza, Jerusalem (PAL), Hebron, Jabaliyah, Nablus, Rafah
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